anthology-final

lesson-plan

Unknown Author, “Creationism.” University of Chile. 16 Jan 2009 <http://translate.google.ca/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://www.vicentehuidobro.uchile.cl/manifiesto1.htm&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=6&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dcreacionismo%26hl%3Den>.

In cities 
Speak 
Speak 
But nobody said anything  Even the bare earth wheel 
And even the stones cry

Soldiers dressed in blue clouds 
The sky is aging hands 
And the song in the trenches

Trains depart over parallel strings

Cry in all seasons

 The first was a dead poet 
It was a bird of his escape injury

 The airplane white snow 
Growls among the pigeons sunset

 One day 
was lost in the smoke of cigars  Cloud plants Clear Sky

 
It is a mirage

 The aviators bleeding wounds in all the stars

 A cry of anguish 
Drowned in the fog 
And a boy kneeling 
Boost your hands

ALL THE WORLD’S MOTHERS MOURN

 

 

  

 

 

 

De Halali , 1918 From Halali, 1918
Traducción de José Zañartu Translation José Zañartu

http://translate.google.ca/translate?hl=en&sl=es&u=http://www.vicentehuidobro.uchile.cl/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=2&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dvicente%2Bhuidobro%26hl%3Den%26as_qdr%3Dall

What makes this a creacionismo poem?

 

SONATINA

by: Rubén Darío (1867-1916)

•  

  THE princess mourns — Why is the Princess sighing?

  Why from her lips are song and laughter dying?

  Why does she droop upon her chair of gold?

  Hushed is the music of her royal bower;

  Beside her in a vase; a single flower

  Swoons and forgets its petals to unfold.

   

  The fool in scarlet pirouettes and flatters,

  Within the hall the silly dueña chatters;

  Without, the peacock’s regal plumage gleams.

  The Princess heeds them not; her thoughts are veering

  Out through the gates of Dawn, past sight and hearing,

  Where she pursues the phantoms of her dreams.

   

  Is it a dream of China that allures her,

  Or far Galconda’s ruler who conjures her

  But to unveil the laughter of her eyes?–

  He of the island realms of fragrant roses,

  Whose treasure flashing diamond hoards discloses,

  And pearls of Ormuz, rich beyond surmise?

   

  Alas! The Princess longs to be a swallow,

  To be a butterfly, to soar, to follow

  The ray of light that climbs into the sun;

  To greet the lilies, lost in Springtime wonder,

  To ride upon the wind, to hear the thunder

  Of ocean waves where monstrous billows run.

   

  Her silver distaff fallen in disfavor,

  Her magic globe shorn of its magic savor,

  The swans that drift like snow across the lake,

  The lotus in the garden pool — are mourning;

  The dahlias and the jasmin flowers adorning

  The palace gardens, sorrow for her sake.

   

  Poor little captive of the blue-eyed glances!

  A hundred negroes with a hundred lances,

  A hound, a sleepless dragon, guard her gates.

  There in the marble of her palace prison

  The little Princess of the roving vision,

  Caught in her gold and gauzes, dreams and waits.

   

  “Oh” (sighs the Princess), “Oh, to leave behind me

  My marble cage, the golden chains that bind me,

  The empty chrysalis the moth forsakes!

  To fly to where a fairy Prince is dwelling–

  O radiant vision past all mortal telling,

  Brighter than April, or the day that breaks!”

   

  “Hush, little Princess,” whispers the good fairy,

  “With sword and goshawk; on his charger airy,

  The Prince draws near — the lover without blame.

  Upon his wingéd steed the Prince is fleeting,

  The conqueror of Death, to bring you greeting,

  And with his kiss to touch your lips to flame!”

–Translated by John Pierrepont Rice

 

“Sonatina” is reprinted from Hispanic Anthology: Poems Translated from the Spanish by English and North American Poets. Ed. Thomas Walsh. New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1920. http://www.poetry-archive.com/d/sonatina.html

What makes this a modernismo poem?

20^th Century South American/Latin American Poetry

Modernismo (modernism)

-         Late 19^th Century early 20^th Century Spanish-Language literary movement

-         Begun in the late 1880s by the Nicaraguan poet Rubén Darìo with the publication of his book of poems and short stories titled “Azul”

-         Movement influenced by French symbolism and the Parnassian school

-         Poetry was spontaneous and borrowed from many sources, including the Spanish Classics, Edgar Allen Poe, and Walt Whitman

-         Had no set of organized principles but had certain general characteristics:

i)                    inventive language

ii)                   poems often depicts exotic landscapes and symbolic elements (such as swans, peacocks, lilies and princesses and other symbols of nobility and aristocracy)

iii)                 exploration and return to ancient civilizations= escapism

iv)                 rejection of Spanish models (adaptions of other forms of poetry)

v)                  rejection of conformity and materialism of the Western society

vi)                 typically free verse

vii)               usually expressed individual poets spiritual values

An example of this type of poetry is Sonatina, by Rubén Darìo. (See other page)

Creacionismo (Spanish for creationism)

- short lived experimental literary movement among Spanish writers, in Latin America (also in Spain and France)

- initiated by Chilean poet Vicente Huidobro around 1912

-  the function of the poet was to create a highly personal, imaginary world rather than to describe the world of nature

- Characteristics:

i) bold juxtaposition of images and metaphors

ii) use of original vocabulary, often combining peculiarly  and irrationally

iii) poet attempts to bring life to the thing they are writing about, rather than just describing them. (create not imitate)

An example of this kind of poetry is “Cities” by Vicente Huidobro.

Ultraism

-movement in Spanish and Spanish American poetry which started after World War I

- started in Madrid, in 1918, by Guillermo de Torre, Juan Larrea, Gerado Diego and Jorge Luis Borges (Argentine who brought it to Latin America)

- declared opposition to modernismo poetry (which dominated the Spanish and Spanish American poetry since the end of the 19^th century)

-influenced by French  symbolists and Parnassians

 

- characteristics:

i) usually free verse (elimination of rhyme)

ii) complicated metrical innovations

iii) daring imagery and symbolism (instead of tradition form and content)

iv) references to the modern world and technologies

-ended in 1922

 

news-article-3

news-article-2

news-article-1

Argumentative Essay Outline- Hamlet

 

Thesis Question:  Was Ophelia’s death accidental or suicide?

Ophelia’s death was an accident.

Reason #1:  Ophelia is insane. Crazy people would not be able to think of suicide, they are typically happy.

            Example: “A person with psychosis experiences some loss of contact with reality, characterized by changes in their way of thinking, believing, perceiving and/or behaving.” (http://www.cmha.ca/BINS/content_page.asp?cid=3-105)

 

                        Explanation: This completely describes Ophelia. She definitely has a loss of contact with reality. You can see this during Act 4:

Ophelia: You sing A-down-a-down- And you, Call-him-a-

Down-a- Oh, how the wheel becomes it! It is the false

Steward that stole his master’s daughter.

(Hamlet, Act 4, scene v, l. 144-146)

She is making no sense whatsoever. This definitely signifies psychosis because she has changes in the way of her thinking as well as her behaviour. This loss of contact with reality means that she couldn’t have possibly committed suicide because her thought process was not all there.

 

            Example:  Laertes: Thought and affliction, passion, hell itself,

                                                She turns to favour and  prettiness.

(Hamlet, Act 4, scene v, l.158-159)

Explanation:  Even Laertes believes she is insane. This quote shows that she seems to be happy in her insanity. She is not likely to commit suicide in this sort of mental state because she is happy.

 

Reason #2: Everyone regarded her death as an accident.

Example: Gertrude: […] There, on the pendant boughs her coronet weeds

Clambering to hang, an envious sliver broke,

When down her weedy trophies and herself

Fell in the weeping brook. Her clothes spread wide,

And mermaid-like a while they bore her up,

Which time she chanted snatches of old lauds

As one incapable of her own distress,

Or like a creature native and indued

Unto that element. But long it could not be

Till that of her garments, heavy with their drink,

Pulled the poor wretch from her melodious lay

To muddy death.

(Hamlet, Act 4, scene vii, l. 168- 179)

 

                        Explanation:  Even Gertrude believed that Ophelia had simply fell into the water trying to hang her wreath in the tree. She drowned because her clothes spread out and made her sink and made her unable to swim (if she knew how to). If it had been a suicide attempt, she wouldn’t have fallen in climbing a tree, she would have just jumped into the water.

 

            Example: Laertes: Lay her i’ th’earth,

And from her fari and unpolluted flesh

May violets spring! I tell thee, churlish priest,

A ministering angel shall my sister be

When thou liest howling.

(Hamlet, Act v, scene i., l. 213-217)

                        Explanation: Laertes never doubted that his sister’s death was an accident. When the priest made his comment on how she shouldn’t be buried here because her death was considered “suspicious,” Laertes defended his sister by saying that she definitely didn’t kill herself, and that she will be an angel and the priest will go to Hell for thinking such a thing about an innocent person.

 

Reason #3: Ophelia’s death is often related to her father’s murder. This is not true. Her reaction after her father’s death was simply a stage of grieving.

            Example:

“Immediately after news of death, you will likely experience a period when you feel very little except a sense of unreality. Some people have described this period as being enclosed in a cocoon, or as “sleepwalking”, through the funeral and necessary details which follow death. This stage may last for several weeks or several months.”

(http://www.cmha.ca/BINS/content_page.asp?cid=2-63-65)

                        Explanation:  As soon as someone close to you dies, you go through stages of grieving. The first one is numbness and shock. You can see this in Ophelia. After her father is killed, she experiences this sense of unreality:

Ophelia: He is dead and gone, lady,

He is dead and gone,

At his head a grass-green turf,

At his heels a stone.

(Hamlet, Act 4, scene v, l. 25-29)

This can explain they way she had been acting. It can also explains how her death is not a suicide. If it had been a suicide, it would be more likely that she would have done it soon after her father’s death. Since there was a certain amount of time between her death and her father’s, it is definitely not a suicide.

 

Anti- Reason (Ophelia’s death was a suicide): The death of he father caused her to commit suicide.

 

            Example: Gentleman: She speaks much of her father, says she hears

Theres’s tricks i’th’world, and hems, and beats her heart,

Spurns enviously at straws, speaks things in doubt

That carry but half sense. Her speech is nothing,

Yet the unshaped us of it doth move

The hearers to collection. They aim at it,

And botch the words up fit to their own thoughts,

Which, as her winks and nods and gestures yield them,

Indeed would make one think there might be thought,

Though nothing sure, yet much unhappily.

(Hamlet, Act 4, scene v, l.4-13)

                        Explanation:  Even people around her notice that Ophelia is depressed about her father’s death. Depression sometimes leads people to commit suicide, which in Ophelia’s case is what happened. She was so depressed about her father’s murder that it led her to take her own life.

 

Reasons why this is wrong:

Just because a person is depressed does not necessarily mean that they will go and kill themselves. Ophelia’s depressions stems from her grief of the death of her father. There are certain stages of grief that a person must go through. During this time, Ophelia is going through the first stage of grief; numbness and shock. Since Ophelia is not in touch with reality at this time, there is no way that she could have committed suicide.

 

References

Unknown Author, “Grieving.” Canadian Mental Health Association. Canadian Mental Health Association. 15 Dec 2008 <http://www.cmha.ca/BINS/content_page.asp?cid=2-63-65>.

Unknown Author, “Psychosis.” Canadian Mental Health Association. Canadian Mental Health Association. 15 Dec 2008 http://www.cmha.ca/BINS/content_page.asp?cid=3-105.